ABSTRACT
The essential oil of Rosmarinus officinalis L. (EORO) is used in cosmetics, in the food industry and in medicines, presenting antimicrobial and antifungal activity. Aim of the study: to observe maternal toxicity and embryo development after treatment of dams with EORO. Inseminated rats were distributed in four groups (n =15): Control (C) (saline 0.5ml) and treated with 242 (T1), 484 (T2) and 968mg/Kg (T3) of EORO, from the fifth to the seventh dpc and sacrificed on the 15th dpc. Variables analyzed: maternal behavior, body weight gain, food consumption, kidneys, liver and ovaries weight, hemogram, number of corpora lutea, implants, live, dead, malformed fetuses and placenta and fetuses weight. Statistics: Dunnett and Chi-square tests (α=0.05). The EORO higher dose reduced (p<0.05) maternal number of erythrocytes; the haematocrit, hemoglobin concentration and the fetuses body weight. Conclusions: Highest dose of EORO reduce the fetuse´s body weight and induced anemia in the dams.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Rosmarinus/chemistry , Embryonic Development , Organ Size , Body Weight Changes , Fetal Weight , Anemia/etiology , Maternal Behavior/drug effectsABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: avaliar o efeito da exposição de ratas ao ultra-som terapêutico na fase de pré-implantação. MÉTODOS: ratas Wistar prenhes foram expostas, na fase de pré-implantação, ao ultra-som de 3 MHz, 0,6 W/cm², com ondas pulsadas (USP) ou ondas contínuas (USC), e os controles (USS) ao ultra-som desligado, por cinco minutos. As ratas foram sacrificadas no 20º dia pós-inseminação. Foram feitas análises bioquímicas e hematológicas. Os animais foram submetidos à necrópsia para identificação de lesões de órgãos internos, remoção e pesagem de fígado, rins e ovários. Foram contados os fetos vivos, malformados, mortos e reabsorvidos. Os fetos, seus cérebros, pulmões, fígados, rins e placentas foram pesados. Os dados obtidos foram analisados por ANOVA - uma via - seguida de teste de Dunnett, qui quadrado ou Kruskal-Wallis (α = 0,05). RESULTADOS: as ratas não apresentaram alteração de peso corporal, de órgãos e nem na capacidade reprodutiva, mas houve o aumento dos triglicérides em ambos os grupos, quando comparados ao USS. Os pesos relativos do coração (0,7 ± 0,9), fígado (9,8 ± 0,8), rins (6,2 ± 0,8) e pulmão (3,8 ± 0,4) dos fetos aumentaram no USC, quando comparados ao coração (0,6 ± 0,1), fígado (8,8 ± 0,5), rins (5,52 ± 0,5) e pulmão (3,4 ± 0,4) do USS. CONCLUSÕES: no modelo experimental usado, o ultra-som terapêutico não causou toxicidade materna significativa. Ondas pulsadas não alteraram a morfologia fetal, mas as ondas contínuas acarretaram aumento nos pesos relativos do coração, fígado, pulmão e rins dos fetos.
PURPOSE: to evaluate the effect of exposure of female rats to therapeutic ultrasound in the pre-implantation phase. METHODS: pregnant Wistar female rats have been exposed to 3 MHz, 0.6 W/cm² ultrasound, pulsatile ultrasound (PUS) or continuous ultrasound (CUS), and controls, unplugged ultrasound (UUS), for five minutes. The rats were sacrificed at the 20th day post-insemination. Biochemical and hematological analyses have been done. Animals have been submitted to necropsy in order to identify lesions of internal organs, and to remove and weight the liver, kidneys and ovaries. Alive, malformed, dead and reabsorbed fetuses have been counted. RESULTS: the rats have not presented changes in their body and organs weight, and neither in their reproductive capacity, but there has been an increase in triglycerides in the PUS and CUS groups, when compared to the UUS group. The fetuses' relative weights of the heart (0.7 ± 0.9), liver (9.8 ± 0.8), kidneys (6.2 ± 0.8) and lungs (3.8 ± 0.4) increased in the CUS, when compared to the heart (0.7 ± 0.9), liver (9.8 ± 0.8), kidneys (6.2 ± 0.8) e lungs (3.8 ± 0.4) of the UUS. CONCLUSIONS: in the experimental model, the therapeutic ultrasound used has not caused meaningful maternal toxicity. Pulsatile waves have not changed fetal morphology, but continuous waves have caused increase in the relative weight of the fetuses' heart, liver, lungs and kidneys.